A Dam On The Ing River

Heineken

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So a few weeks ago I was out on my X-Max exploring around Thoeng area of Chiang Rai and came across a construction site at the Ing River, 1st thoughts were this is a new bridge......., only problem is there are no highways or main roads around this area lol


So after a bit of research I found out that this is a "building project of a drainage door and water level control station" In the Ban Rong Ryu District. The Ing river is temporarily bypassed around the construction site whilst it is under construction, I read that the project is due to be completed in about 12 x months.


This time of year the Ing river does not flow at all, some sections, obviously the deeper section still have water, other parts you can walk across the dry riverbed.


I came across a couple of photos of an artists impression of the completed project, which imo looks great..................



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Here are my photos from a few weeks ago, after seeing what the completed project will look like it is quite obvious as to what stage they are at now, ill make a point of going for a look every month or so and putting an update here.........


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DavidFL

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That's a nice find & worthy of following up.

There is a project to develop & protect the Ing River Wetlands I believe, but I understand that is much closer to the Mekong & Chiang Khong.

There was another project to divert the waters of the rivers - Yuam, Pai, Kok & Ing, flowing out of Thailand into neighbouring countries, back through Thailand via the Nan& Ping. There is also a similar plan like that for Esarn too I believe. I will see if I can dig out some links for them.
 

Heineken

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Update.................


So the photos that I took above were from about 1 x month ago, it was a cooler clear morning again today so I went to see if there was any progress, not alot, the concrete work is continuing for the river gates. They have laid the foundation as to what I would presume is a big toilet block, lots of obvious plumbing to indicate that. The stonework continues along the river banks, all the rocks are laid into chicken wire cages to hold the rocks in place.


It will be interesting to see if the coming rains will cause much of an issue ?..........................I took a few pics of the river levels atm, both upstream and downstream from the dam ;)...........................and again know one seemed to worry about Heineken riding about taking a few pics, maybe it helps that I always give a wave to the trucks/machines and vehicles I ride past :innocent:


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Here's an interesting bit of info for the Ing River & the downstream surrounding wetlands, as it is called.

The Ing Watershed is one of the most abundant watersheds in Thailand. It consists of rich natural resources and ecosystem diversity, including forests, mountains, rivers, stream tributaries, and watershed areas. The 260-kilometer basin river flows from Phayao Province to Chiang Rai Province in Northern part of Thailand before linking to Mekong River. It’s water’s path is interesting in that it basically flows south into the Phayao lake, & then flows out to swing back North into the Mekong at Pak Ing, downstream from Chiang Khong.

The Ing river communities have shared a close relationship with the watershed since it has nurtured them for centuries. They have developed their local wisdom on natural resource management combined with their way of life. This includes organizing traditional irrigation, community forestry, watershed and fishery zone managements.

A proposed SEZ in Chiang Rai near Boon Rueang was to use 3,000 – 4,000 rai for an industrial zone, but it united the villages & greatly strengthened their community & resolve to save their environment.

Boon Rueng has a 300 years old village forest that is an important source of food for the local communities. In the wet season the waters of the Ing inundate the river basin, spurring migratory fish to enter the Ing from the larger Mekong to spawn. The flooded forested river banks providing excellent spawning grounds for a wide variety of fish. After the wet, when the river recedes, many young and old fish go back downstream in the dry season.

In 2020 The Boon Rueang community has just won a UNDP Equator Prize.

The Equator Prize is awarded roughly every two years to recognise and advance local sustainable development solutions for people, nature, and resilient communities. As local community and indigenous groups across the world chart a path towards sustainable development, the Equator Prize shines a spotlight on their efforts by honouring them on an international stage.

The UNDP awards the US$10,000 prize biennially to recognize outstanding community efforts to reduce poverty through the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. As sustainable community initiatives take root, they lay the foundation for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and overcoming the climate crisis.

Boon Rueang Wetland Forest Conservation Group of Thailand wins global environmental award: The Equator Prize

On Google maps take a look around here
Google Maps
 

Heineken

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Here is progress 6 x weeks later, the river is flowing slowly, ive seen the water level 2 to 3m higher than the level at the moment, again this year a very slow start to the wet season.


My guess on the toilet block under construction was wrong, looks like individual rooms with a shower and toilet, time will tell what they are for ;)


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Heineken

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What a difference a week makes, after 36 x hours of non stop rain the Ing River has risen very quickly, im guessing a couple of metres higher already, I imagine this haul road in the 1st photo over the drain pipes is further downstream now :eek:................the 2nd photo showing the difference in water level...........


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Another photo I took yesterday to show the water level...........


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Heineken

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Another update, I was thinking the water level of the Ing River might me up even more after a very wet August, but the level looks very similar to 3 x weeks ago ;)


I could see that the construction site has had a few issues to overcome with the excess water, there was 2 x big water pumps pumping water from the actual dam wall base, still on one side the vehicles and workers were wading around in knee deep water :eek:


Surprised no one seems to worry about me riding around the construction site, I do make it a habit of waving to the workers, whether in a truck or operating a machine, nearly always get a wave back and a smile, and if a construction vehicle approaches I always stop to the side of the track :cool:


The water is still flowing fast, just goes to show how much water the Mekong River can handle as the Ing River exits into the Mekong just south of Chiang Khong ;)


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DavidFL

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Nice update
I will pop down to the confluence of the Ing & the Khong tomorrow to get some photos.
It is about time the water level went up.

It was a chilly ride home from Mae Chan this morning & the thought of an early cold season flashed through my mind. Let's hope we get some more rain & water first - there should be another 6 weeks to go hopefully.
 

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Pak Ing & the confluence with the Mekong

1.5 kms upstream from the mouth of the Ing is a bridge over the river. Google Maps

Looking upstream
upload_2020-8-31_23-29-22.png


Looking downstream towards the Mekong
upload_2020-8-31_23-29-46.png



At the mouth of the Ing river, where it flows into the Mekong
upload_2020-8-31_23-30-32.png


It is a great little viewpoint looking at the Friendship Bridge 4 & the new Houei Xai city being built by the Chinese

upload_2020-8-31_23-31-9.png


upload_2020-8-31_23-31-54.png


The google maps location should you ever want to go for a wander: Google Maps
 
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DavidFL

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An interesting bit of history on the Ing, Kok & Fang rivers.
These 3 rivers basically flow South to North & into the Mekong. The only other river in the North to do this is Mae Lao?

In the early Siam logging days, teak was cut & dropped into the rivers of the Chao Phraya watershed to end up in Bangkok.
But not that of the Ing & the Kok, because these rivers flowed into the Mekong watershed & getting the logs over the ridgeline into the other watershed was too difficult.
So what happened & who got the contracts & did the logging - not the Brits & the Borneo Company / Bombay Burmah Trading Corporation / The Siam Forest Company, but the French with French East Asiatic Company who floated the logs down the Ing or the Kok & into the Mekong to eventually end up in Saigon, Vietnam!

The Ing logging concession
was given to the French in 1909.
Previously though in 1901 the Bombay Burmah Trading Corporation had the logging concession, but found it too difficult to get the logs into the Chao Phraya watershed by the Yom river.
The solution was for a new logging concession: The Ing forests would be subdivided into three sections north, central, and south forests. The south section, the timbers of which could be worked into the Yom River, was granted to the Siam Forest Company. However, the north and central sections, from where the only feasible export route was via the Mekong watershed, were given to the French East Asiatic Company. And so the timber from Phayao eventually ended up at Saigon in the Mekong!

The Kok Logging Concession was granted in 1912, after the return on the French East Asiatic Company was not commensurate to their investment in the Ing concession. The agreement was that they would harvest the Ing for 15 years and then the Kok for 15 years.

The Fang River that flowed North was an exception though, as the Siamese government of the day was concerned about the French gaining excessive influence and stipulated that the timber of the Fang forests would not be transported along the Mekong River. The Borneo Company had the Fang logging lease and to move the logs out they constructed a tramway on which loaded trucks were drawn by elephants from the final delivery point in the forest to the top of the watershed, and a chute or timber-slide to transport the logs down the precipitous slopes from the highest point on the watershed at the end of the tramway. From 1912 to 1930 teak was transported into Mae Phan and Mae Poi, tributaries of the Ping River in the Chao Phraya watershed. Somewhere on the headwaters of the Fang river there may still be an old tramway cutting?

Transporting Timber from the Ing down the Khong to Saigon
Moving timber out along the meandering Ing was not without difficulty.
The teak was felled in the upper watershed of the Ing River, around Ban Tam Nai, Ban Ronghai and Ban Phin near Phayao town.
Floating the teak out usually started in June / July at the start of the wet when the water level in the Ing was rising.
The logs were floated downstream to Thoeng, where some were processed at a sawmill beside the river, & /or made into rafts.
From Thoeng downstream the river was more difficult and meandering.
Thung Ang 5 kms before the confluence of the Ing & the Mekong, at Thung Ang just east of R1020 & west of R1155 Google Maps there was a huge horseshoe bend in the river that caused log jams so the French cut a canal through to alleviate the problem. This big bend was also used as a storage yard for logs. (I wonder about all the other bends in the Ing, through the Boon Rueng wetlands?)
Ban Ten 3 kms further downstream at Ban Ten, where there now is a bridge across the Ing, the Royal Forest Department established a duty station to collect taxes on the logs.
Google Maps

Down the Khong In March - April the logs were then floated down the Mekong river. Khamu labourers were used for the journey down the Khong, because of their price & Mekong experience.
The main obstacle on the Khong going downstream was the Khone Phapheng rapids in the south of Laos.
Depending on the season, the log rafts were moored at Don Dek and Don Khone & dismantled to be floated through small channels (wet season), or carried across Don Khone by the train in the dry season.

Overall it took two years for logs to be floated downstream from Chiang Khong to Saigon!

The French East Asiatic Company processed about 4,000 logs annually at two sawmills, one near Saigon and the other near Phnom Penh.

Cheers....I will always look at the Ing a little differently now after discovering this info.
 
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Interesting Info! A National Tragedy and Disgrace what they have done to the Countries in south east asia. Rape of all the natural resources. And they are still at it in Laos and Burma! Should be a Bounty on the Heads of all Illegal Logging and Poaching if You ask Me!
 
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Heineken

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Very interesting find David, 2 x years to float the logs from Chiang Khong to Saigon, certainly a long term investment.


It still amazes me that some of these rivers flow from South to North in Thailand, defies logic IMO..................for example Lake Phayao drains to the Ing River and flows up past my place in Thoeng and continues north to enter the Mekong just south of Chiang Khong, and then flows from North to South :)
 

Heineken

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The next update........15/11/20 :cool:


The wet season turned out to be a non issue, the water levels have reduced to a slow flow and down a few metres from the peak level...........................The construction team are probably happy with this as alot let issues to deal with onsite.................again I had no problems wandering around site, I got asked twice where you come from, never sure what to answer this question with, I presume they want me to say Australia, not that I have been there for quite a while so I should say Chiang Rai :D


Seeing they are saying completion is 2021 I presume it would want to be done before the wet season nextyear......................it will be very interesting as to how much water they hold back, I know it will be good for the Thoeng side of the dam, but the other side it might create issues ?


Here is a few photos from yesterday.........................


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DavidFL

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An interesting bit of history on the Ing, Kok & Fang rivers.
These 3 rivers basically flow South to North & into the Mekong. The only other river in the North to do this is Mae Lao?

In the early Siam logging days, teak was cut & dropped into the rivers of the Chao Phraya watershed to end up in Bangkok.
But not that of the Ing & the Kok, because these rivers flowed into the Mekong watershed & getting the logs over the ridgeline into the other watershed was too difficult.
So what happened & who got the contracts & did the logging - not the Brits & the Borneo Company / Bombay Burmah Trading Corporation / The Siam Forest Company, but the French with French East Asiatic Company who floated the logs down the Ing or the Kok & into the Mekong to eventually end up in Saigon, Vietnam!

The Ing logging concession was given to the French in 1909.
Previously though in 1901 the Bombay Burmah Trading Corporation had the logging concession, but found it too difficult to get the logs into the Chao Phraya watershed by the Yom river.
The solution was for a new logging concession: The Ing forests would be subdivided into three sections north, central, and south forests. The south section, the timbers of which could be worked into the Yom River, was granted to the Siam Forest Company. However, the north and central sections, from where the only feasible export route was via the Mekong watershed, were given to the French East Asiatic Company. And so the timber from Phayao eventually ended up at Saigon in the Mekong!

The Kok Logging Concession was granted in 1912, after the return on the French East Asiatic Company was not commensurate to their investment in the Ing concession. The agreement was that they would harvest the Ing for 15 years and then the Kok for 15 years.

The Fang River that flowed North was an exception though, as the Siamese government of the day was concerned about the French gaining excessive influence and stipulated that the timber of the Fang forests would not be transported along the Mekong River. The Borneo Company had the Fang logging lease and to move the logs out they constructed a tramway on which loaded trucks were drawn by elephants from the final delivery point in the forest to the top of the watershed, and a chute or timber-slide to transport the logs down the precipitous slopes from the highest point on the watershed at the end of the tramway. From 1912 to 1930 teak was transported into Mae Phan and Mae Poi, tributaries of the Ping River in the Chao Phraya watershed. Somewhere on the headwaters of the Fang river there may still be an old tramway cutting?

Transporting Timber from the Ing down the Khong to Saigon
Moving timber out along the meandering Ing was not without difficulty.
The teak was felled in the upper watershed of the Ing River, around Ban Tam Nai, Ban Ronghai and Ban Phin near Phayao town.
Floating the teak out usually started in June / July at the start of the wet when the water level in the Ing was rising.
The logs were floated downstream to Thoeng, where some were processed at a sawmill beside the river, & /or made into rafts.
From Thoeng downstream the river was more difficult and meandering.
Thung Ang 5 kms before the confluence of the Ing & the Mekong, at Thung Ang just east of R1020 & west of R1155 Google Maps there was a huge horseshoe bend in the river that caused log jams so the French cut a canal through to alleviate the problem. This big bend was also used as a storage yard for logs. (I wonder about all the other bends in the Ing, through the Boon Rueng wetlands?)
Ban Ten 3 kms further downstream at Ban Ten, where there now is a bridge across the Ing, the Royal Forest Department established a duty station to collect taxes on the logs.
Google Maps

Down the Khong In March - April the logs were then floated down the Mekong river. Khamu labourers were used for the journey down the Khong, because of their price & Mekong experience.
The main obstacle on the Khong going downstream was the Khone Phapheng rapids in the south of Laos.
Depending on the season, the log rafts were moored at Don Dek and Don Khone & dismantled to be floated through small channels (wet season), or carried across Don Khone by the train in the dry season.

Overall it took two years for logs to be floated downstream from Chiang Khong to Saigon!

The French East Asiatic Company processed about 4,000 logs annually at two sawmills, one near Saigon and the other near Phnom Penh.

Cheers....I will always look at the Ing a little differently now after discovering this info.

Interesting, found some more info on moving those logs on the Fang & Ing / Yom rivers.


The Fang Forest
The second example of new technology used in teak transportation was the case of the Fang Forest (ป่าฝาง).
The concession area belonged to the Borneo Company. Fang was previously a district in Chiang Rai province but it is now located in the administrative district of Chiang Mai province.
The company faced transport difficulties in this area in 1913. The company possessed a teak concession near the city of Fang.
The Fang concession area, however, was surrounded by mountains.
As an inter mountain area, the whole concession area was very small at around just 365 square kilometres, the smallest concession of the Borneo Company.
The nearest river to Fang is the Mae Kok River, a tributary of the Mekong River which flows to Saigon.
The company encountered difficulties floating logs down to the Ping River and so it diverted the logs to the Chao Phraya River.
To solve the problem, a land route was established and two chute tunnels were installed to connect the concession area with the Ping River drainage area situated to the west.
The company also constructed a cart road from Fang along the foot of the hills where the Kok River and the Ping River met.
It also constructed two narrow gauge (750 mm) tracks that helped to transport logs.

Twenty teak logs were transported daily by light railway on steep terrain until it reached the top of the Ping watershed − this was a distance of five kilometres.
The task of loading logs onto the rail system still depended on elephants.
The susceptibility of elephants to the summer heat compelled the loading process to stop immediately from February each year.
When the logs were unloaded, the last phase of the transportation process was a dirt road.
Here, the company depended on buffaloes and oxen instead.
They helped to haul teak logs to the final point.
When teak logs reached the top at the end of cart road, a second chute of 800 metres in length was installed.
The company staff floated each log from this high elevation down through the chute tunnel to the ground level, where an elephant waited to load logs onto a second light railway.
There was a telephone system for signalling the release of teak logs to prevent elephants from being injured.
The second track was 7.3 kilometres in length but the second chute was shorter than the first one.
Finally, each teak log was put in a second chute tunnel that directly connected the hilltop to the Ping River.
With this method, all of the logs were transported through the Fang Forest towards the Mekong River and, eventually, to Bangkok.

1607792560422.png


The Mae Chun Forest
The third technological experiment with teak transportation was the case of the Siam Forest Company’s concession in Phayao province.
The Siam Forest experiment took place in The Mae Chun Forest (ป่าแม่จุน).
It was located near the Mae Chun stream (currently known as Nam Chun น้าจุน) in Chun district (อ าเภอจุน).
Nam Chun is a stream connected with the Ing River, a tributary of the Mekong River.
The Siam Forest Company had a similar problem to the Borneo Company.
Their concession area was connected with a tributary of the Mekong River instead of a tributary of the Chao Phraya River.
Specifically, the Siam Forest Company had trouble floating teak logs down the Nam Chun stream because its canal-like size could not accommodate a large number of logs, especially considering uncertain water levels each year. Floating logs down the Mekong River might drastically reduce supply to the company’s sawmill in Bangkok.
Given the location of the forest, company staff surveyed the location in 1912.
It conducted a study exploring the feasibility of floating teak logs through the Yom River, where the logs would then be diverted to the Chao Phraya River.
This method required a cart road and railway to aid in the transportation of teak logs.
This system needed to be bigger than the one used in the Fang Forest by the Borneo Company.
The plan to construct a railway worried the London office and there were few supporters.
Nevertheless, the plan was finally approved by the London office.
The company constructed a metre gauge railway, which was similar to track sizes in Burma, British Malaya, and Siam.
The construction began with the cart road; this started from the area of the Ing River watershed to the northern area of Phayao province along the Yom River.
The construction of this was finished in 1912 at Pong (ปง)district.
Here, the company established a station to connect it to the terminus in the Mae Chun Forest area.
In 1913, shortly after the cart road was finished, the company started to build the railway to connect the concession from the Ing River with the Yom River.
From the Mae Chun Forest, the company transported teak logs by railway to Pong district.
The total distance from the forest to the floating point was 78.8 kilometres.
From Pong district, the logs were transported via the cart road and reached the floating point near the city of Phrae.
The total expense of construction was 100,000 Pound Sterling, excluding the construction costs for a repair station, workshop, and a temporary dam that held water to facilitate floating during winter.
This investment allowed the company to transport between 30 and 56 logs every day, except on Sundays.
With the assistance of the railway, all of the logs reached Bangkok within two years.
A massive investment in the Mae Chun Forest apparently showed that the company did not expand its business outside of Phayao for more than a decade.
From 1902 to 1927, the number of teak concessions held by the Siam Forest Company increased from just a single concession to two concessions.
However, it is also important to consider the estimated number of teak logs extracted by the Siam Forest Company.
It was possible for the company’s sawmill to rely on just one forest.
According to a report submitted to King Rama VII in 1927, it seems that there were only three forests with a yield of more than hundred-thousand teak logs. The concession of the Siam Forest Company in Mae Ngao was one of them.
Although Mae Chun yielded 92,715 logs, a smaller amount compared to Mae Ngao, it was still higher than the average yield for a concession throughout the whole industry.

Source: Control and Prosperity: The Teak Business in Siam 1880s–1932
 

Heineken

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A Dam update 3/01/2021


I was surprised how much progress has been made in the 6 x weeks since I have paid a visit, they are driving vehicles across the dam gates wall now, although no gates are fitted yet I can see where they are going to be installed.


The 1st building that was constructed turned out to be accommodation units, not sure if for rent or for staff to stay, there are 8 units all identical, each one has there own toilet/shower..........at the moment they are storerooms for the construction workers.


Another small building looks like a ticket office to me, windows all round and one access door...............another odd shaped building is being constructed near the ticket office, going to be two story.


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I can see the locals upstream from the dam and close to the river will be enjoying the extra water available.................................there are already locals that take advantage of the water and get to plant a 2nd crop for the year as you can see below...................they pump water from the Ing river into channels and flood the land.................most of the other locals not near the river only get 1 x crop of rice per year ;)


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canthai

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For some reason the pics you attached above I am not able to view.
All that appears is a grey circle with a bar across the centre of it horizontally
 
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Heineken

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Update 13/02/21 :cool:


Progress continues, I think the workers can remember me as I always wave to them when they are looking at me, now some of them wave to me first ;).....................a couple try there English with me which is great.


As ive mentioned before safety is not the big priority here, not like it is back in the west, one blokes got a helmet and workboots on, the guy next to him is in his flip flops, no safety rails up ontop of the overhead concrete structure, I presume these are going to lift the individual dam gates to allow water out ?


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Heineken

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Update 28/03/21 :cool:


I went for a ride on the X-Max yesterday to check on progress, I rode from the main access road around a corner and WOW...................I could see alot more progress than I expected :eek:


Looks like 4 of the dam gates are installed, the river detour has been closed off meaning when the rains come to water will be flowing through the dam gates , they still have 2 more gates to install to hold back the water, that is if they intend doing that ;)


They have shifted thousand and thousands of truck loads of sand, taken some offsite and used the rest for construction onsite.


To me it looks like those orange things on the overhead gantry are winches and will lift the steel dam gates as required, looks like a few big cables yet to be installed, Ill check in a month or so to confirm if im right or wrong ;)


Surprised that most of the fabrication of the gates/fences and guard rails are made onsite, back in the West this would be done off site in a workshop and then transported onsite, here welding cutting and grinding, sitting in the open, yesterday was 38 deg :eek:..........................you would think they would supply a couple of 40' containers and put a dome cover inbetween, they do that everywhere in Australia now,


Yesterdays photos.............................


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